                   7076-99
                    "   
         
                        "
         (  - 
        ,    
                   () 20  1999 .)

                     BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

    Method of determination of steady-state thermal conductivity and
                           thermal resistance

  1  2000 .
  7076-87

                                

           7345:1987 [1]  
 9251:1987 [2]        
 8301:1991 [3],  8302:1991 [4],     
      ,  
,      .
               
 ,    ,     : 
 (  )   (  ).

                          1  

            , 
     ,      
  ,       
        
  40  + 200.
              
 1,5 /(  ).

                          2  

            :
      166-89 .  
      427-75   .  
      17177-94     .  

      24104-88      .  
 

                       3   

     3.1         
.
       -  ,      
.
        -  ,    
.
        - ,     
     .
        -     
          
.
        -   , 
    .
       _eff  (  
" ",       
) -      d   
  R.

                                    d
                           = ----.                              (1)
                             eff    R

     3.2         1.

 1

+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
||                                       |    |
|           |                                               |  |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| _eff|                    | /( x )|
|           |                                               |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|     R     |                       |  2  /|
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|     d     |                      |          |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| R_s1, R_s2|    |  2  /|
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| T_1,|     |          |
| T_2 |                                       |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| _1, _2  |          |         |
|           |        |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| f_1, f_2  |     |  /(  |
|           |          |   2)     |
|           |                                       |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    d_u    |               |          |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    R_u    |   | 2  / |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    t_r    |        |     -     |
|           |                                          |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    t_w    |            |     -     |
|           |                              |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    _1    |      |         |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    _2    |                         |         |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    _3    |                     |         |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| T_u |                |          |
|           |                           |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|   _mu    |         |          |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    _1u   |    |          |
|           |                                        |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    T_2u   |                |          |
|           |                           |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    f_u    |   | /(   |
|           |,       |    2)    |
|           |,    |           |
|           |        |           |
|           | (   )     |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    e_u    |            |         |
|           |       |           |
|           |    (  |           |
|           | )                               |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    R_k    |     | 2  / |
|           |        |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|_effu|           | /(  )|
|           |                           |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    R_L    |    ,|   2/  |
|           |        |           |
|           |                      |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|f_u', f"_u |    | /(   |
|           |    ,   |   2)     |
|           |    ,  |           |
|           |           |           |
|           |               (|           |
|           |  )                  |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|'_u, "_u |        |         |
|           |        |           |
|           |             (|           |
|           |  )                  |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|    q_u    |         ,|   /2   |
|           |            |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|          |                           |     2    |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
|          |    ,         |         |
|           |           |           |
|           |                                        |           |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+

                            4  

     4.1        , 
         
  ()  ,     
,       .
     4.2  ,      
  ,        
      .      
      ,  ,  
       .
     4.3      ,   
 ,    (295 +- 5)   (50 +- 10)%.

                          5  

        :
            , 
      ,  
  ;
             17177;
              17177;
      ,       383 , 
        
- 5 ;
        166:
     -          
0 - 125 ,     - 0,05 ,    
- 0,05 ;
     -        0 - 500 , 
    - 0,1 ,    - 
0,1 ;
          427     
1000 ,         
          - 0,2 ;
           24104:
     -     5 ,   - 100 ,  
    -   50,0 ,   
  -   250,0 ,    
- 375 ;
     -     20 ,   - 500 ,  
    -   150,0 ,   
  -   750,0 ,    
- 1500 .
             
          
.

                        6   

     6.1      ,  
()       ,   
   .       
 ,         ,  
       ( , ..2.1).
     6.2          
        .
     6.3  ,      , 
    .      
      0,5 .
      ,      , 
.
     6.4  -     
  0,1       (50,0 +- 5,0)    
    .
      -       
0,1   ,      , 
   .
            
 .
     6.5            
 0,5 .
     6.6        
    17177.
     6.7    ( ,    ..), 
       ,  
   0,1  .
       ,   ,  
   0,1  .      
   .
     6.8    _1     .
     6.9       ,  
      .    
  ,         
 0,5    0,1%.       
_2    _u,         
    ,    .
             
  273       2   1   .
     6.10         , 
        .   
         
 ,  -   .    
       10     , 
  ,     .
          
       0,8   ,   
    .
       R_L  ,    
   ,   .
     6.11        ,  
   ,    ,     
    .   .   
   .
     6.12      .   
          
         .
     6.13          
 0,5%.

                         7  

     7.1       . 
       .
     7.2      .   
-   .     
    .
              
T_u   10 - 30 .      
           
.
     7.3        
     300   :
       e_u      , 
          
;
     ,        , 
      ,    
        
,        .
     7.4        
(),     ,  
        
   ,        1%,  
        .
     7.5        
    du      0,5%.
     7.6       _3.

                    8   

     8.1         
 m_r     m_w    _u  :

                            m  = (  -  )/ ,                        (2)
                             r     1    2   2

                            m  = ( -  )/ ,                         (3)
                             w     2   3   3

                                        
                                         3
                                   p = ----.                          (4)
                                    u   V
                                         u

         V_u     
         ,    -   
.
     8.2              _u 
    _mu  :

                        T  =    - T  ,                         (5)
                               u    1u    2u

                              T  = (   + T  )/2.                     (6)
                               mu    1u    2u

     8.3         
                 
             
              
,        
  .
     8.4     ,    
,    R_u   

                            T
                                   u
                       R  = -------- - 2R ,                           (7)
                        u      q         k
                                u

      R_k    0,005 2   /,    
   - .
     8.5           _effu
  

                                       d
                                        u
                         = ----------------.                    (8)
                         effu    T
                                        u
                                 -------- - 2R
                                    q         k
                                     u

     8.6     R_u     
_effu      :

                                       T
                                              u
                                  R  = -------- - 2R ,                (9)
                                   u      q         L
                                           u

                                            d
                                             u
                              = ----------------.
                              effu    T                        (10)
                                             u
                                      -------- - 2R
                                         q         L
                                          u

     8.7         q_u   ,
    ,          
,    :

                        q  = f e ,                                   (11)
                         u    u u

                           (f' e'  + f" e" )
                              u  u     u  u
                      q  = -------------------.                      (12)
                       u           2

     8.8         ,  
                  
 ,       
 ,  ,    
             
:
                                    T
                                            u
                              R  = ---------- - 2R ,                 (13)
                               u                 k

                                            d
                                             u                       (14)
                              = ----------------,
                              effu   A  T
                                               u
                                     ----------- - 2R
                                                    k

                                          
                                    d  = ---.                        (15)
                                     u    

           (13)   (14)   R_k
  R_L.
     8.9        
       
.

                          9  

            :
     -    ;
     -     ,    
  ;
     - -;
     -  ;
     -  ;
     -    ;
     -  ,    ;
     -    (, );
     -         
    ,    ;
     -   ;
     -           
 ,         
    ;
     -   (   );
     -       (  );
     -   ;
     -        ;
     -         ;
     -      ;
     -     ,    
;
     -        ;
     -         ;
     -    ;
     -         
  ;
     -    ;
     -     ;
     -       
;
     -       
;
     -   ;
     -  ;
     -     (     
 );
     -   ,    ,  
 : ,  ,  ,   
, ,  ;
     -        
;
     -         
   .     
      ,    
    .

         10    
                        

           
       +-3%,   
       .

 
()

         
            

                            .1  

            
     :
     -    ,   ,  
          
     ( .1);
     -    ,   ,  
         , 
  -       ( .2);
     - ,     ,    
,     ,   
      (    
) ( .3).

                      .2   

     .2.1        , 
      250 ,  ,   
    250 .
     .2.2         
  .       
   0,025%    .
     .2.3      
    ,    
,    0,8   ,    
   .

                              .3 

     .3.1         
     .
     .3.2      
 ,    ,    
0,8   ,       .
     .3.3         
   .       10%    
40%    .
     .3.4   ,     
 ,     0,2 .

                         .4  

              
     ,    
,       10 .     
.  ,    ,     0,6 
.

                 .5   

            
        0,5%,  
 -     0,6%   ,  
      , -     
0,2%.
            
  ,       
    1%.   -  ,  
      ,  
        , 
   .

       .6      

         ,    
          0,5%.

                           .7  

         ,    
    ,   .

            .8     

         ,     
       ,   
       .
      ,      , 
  2,5 ,  - 0,5 ,    - 
  1,5%.

            .9     
                  

             
        
  ,     
   .

                           .10  

         ,      
    .

 
()

                ,  

                          .1  

      ,  ,     
        
,      , 
     .
            ,  
.         
      ,    
      .
         ,    
  ,     :
             
,       ;   
-     ,  
     ,   ,  
;
             
;   -    , 
      .

       .2  ,    

             
        
 ,     .   
    .
            
  ,       
,       . 
       , 
     ,    
   .
               
R_s1,     T_1      
  _1,  ,    7.     
       R_s2,  
   _2        
_2    .       
 f_1  f_2   :

                                      
                                             1
                                 f  = ----------,                   (.1)
                                  1      R
                                        2  s1

                                       
                                              2
                                 f  = ----------.                   (.2)
                                  2      R
                                        2  s2

         f_u,  
  ,       
  ,      


        .3  ,    

           , 
   ,     
 ,   .2.

                  .4   

            24 ,  
    .
        ,    3 .,  
     +- 1%,    
    15 .       
      ,   
,     ,   
  ,    , 
    ,     +- 1%.
      ,     
  ,     
    .
           +- 1%,  
 ,        , 
 ,      .

 

                              

     [1]  7345:1987 .    
     [2]  9251:1987 .      
     [3]  8301:1991 .    
         . 
,  
     [4]  8302:1991 .    
     .     
